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5280FJ previously said:
Can you explain this fundamental difference? For safety reasons I'd like to know. I use a draft system regulator and have had no problem filling my tires as well as one or two other vehicles at the same time. The first few inches of hose and the disconnect "ice up" on the exterior. I purchased it at the recommendation of a friend who, along with many of his friends have been running this for several years.
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Welding regulators work very similar to the "second stage" of a scuba regulator. The high pressure gas comes in on one side, and meets up against a valve which is held closed by a spring. This spring can be adjusted in tightness by a screw that sits behind it and attaches to a T-handled control that you see on the front of the regulator body. Also holding pressure on this spring is a big flat rubber diaphragm with atmospheric pressure on one side and CO2 space on the other. The valve stays open and lets the CO2 flow out until the pressure inside the chamber is equal to the pressure of the diaphragm plus the pressure of the spring, then it stops. This mechanism lets you set a pressure that is always "relative" to atmospheric pressure, so the flow behavior of the regulator doesn't change with the weather or with altitude. The diaphragm, however, stops being flexible when it freezes solid!
There are two pressure guages on most regulators. One is the high pressure guage which tells the pressure between the tank and the regulator. The other is the low pressure guage which tells the pressure downstream of the regulator and in the hose. When the diaphragm freezes solid, the valve inside can't close. What you'll see is that the pressure in the "low pressure" guage climbs rapidly as soon as you STOP filling a tire, and then the pop-off valve on the back of the regulator will start to hiss. Additionally, there is a lot of water vapor mixed into CO2, and it will freeze INSIDE the regulator when flow is allowed to continue for an extended period of time for high flow rates. This will "freeze clog" the regulator. The same regulator may have BOTH problems... first the fill rate of the tires gets slower and slower (freeze clogging) and THEN when you stop filling, the thing is frozen open and it blows out the pop-off valve!
I tried both welding regulators and soda fountain regulators before I gave up and bought a powertank regulator. For the size of my tires and the flows it is easily capable of, I think I should have just forked out for the nice one up front!
I haven't disassembled my powertank regulator and I'm not going to. It works that well. I don't think it's a diaphragm design, but I don't know what design it actually uses. It's fundamentally different.
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Mr R2FJ previously said:
Here's another question. Is a regulator absolutely necessary? I can fully understand using it for power tools or what not, but if all you want it for is tires is the extra expense even worth it?
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The high pressure side of the regulator system sees about 1000 PSI. Most hoses are not rated for this kind of pressure. If you hooked up a series of fittings so that a hose could screw directly into the tank valve and the other end had a schrader valve fitting (for filling tires) and the hose was of sufficient strength to take 1000+ PSI, then you could probably fill tires without a regulator. Good luck actually holding the thing on the tire with your fingers... you better have a screw-on fitting.
The CO2 inside the tank is actually in liquid form. It's a superheated liquid that at ambient pressure would explosively turn into gas.
This means if liquid gets into the hose... you better be somewhere else.