No, AM 11 meter CB antennas and WIFI that operates at 2.4 Ghz for 802.11b/g/n or 5Ghz for 802.11a/n operate a vastly different wavelengths and their antenna designs are completely different. The FCC regulates these frequency bands by EIRP, which is a maximum signal strength put out by the antenna. CB antennas are not rated for 802.11 gain, so you would have no way of calculating your EIRP. FCC regulations on antenna gain for wifi in the 2.4Ghz and 5Ghz bands are very restrictive and well enforced. These frequency bands are highly crowded and creating a lot of rf noise by using an antenna with too much gain is a good way to get unwanted attention from the FCC.
The only real way to gain a significant amount of range with wifi is to use a directional antenna, but as they are directional these are not very useful in most mobile applications.