To Airbag or Not to Airbag - JeepForum.com
Here are the basics to understand. Side air bags are nice, but in a body on frame vehicle are not nearly as necessary as in a unibody vehicle. The JK has a thick boxed frame and if a car hits you in teh side, the frame is there to protect you. The doors are extra protection and they even have steel beam support for side impact.
Wrong.
Unibody construction is much stronger in side impact than body-on-frame. The reasons are:
- In a unibody construction, the load-bearing frame (and safety cage) is on the OUTSIDE of the vehicle, with door frames and pillars being an integral part of the structure. The impact in distributed over a large number of structurally sound member, especially the door sill and B-pillar, which are the first line of defense.
- In a body-on-frame there is basically nothing to absorb the impact between you and the incoming vehicle. All you have there is thin, lightweight exterior body members that are not designed to carry any substantial load. The structural load-bearing members (frame) are below the floor, and about two feet inboard from the side of the vehicle.
In a body-on-frame vehicle, if a car hits from a side, the bumper will push the door in and hit you BEFORE it reaches the frame, which is located more-or-less under the center of your sit.
This is why Toyota uses high-strength steel in the safety cage of the body, not in the frame. If you look at the Service Manual of the FJ in the chapter that explains its structure you will see that Toyota has build a high tensile strength steel cage around the body very much like you would have one in a unibody vehicle, in spite of being a body-on-frame vehicle. The safety cage in the FJ is not even structurally bound to the load-bearing frame.
Side airbags in a Jeep are of little help. Even if the air bags deployed, the overall displacement of the doors and door pillars is so big that it would cause serious torso injuries.
It's a similar reason why Land Rover discontinued the Defender in the US. US law requires front airbags and Defender's firewall is too weak to support them adequately.
In simple terms - in a unibody vehicle you sit INSIDE a safety cage, in a body-on-frame vehicle you sit ON TOP OF the frame, with very little structure around you to protect you in case of an accident (side impact or rollover).